Improvement in stoves



T. GEMMELL.

STOV'ES.

No. 195.812. Patented 0ct.2,1877.

STATES rrI-oE.

THOMAS GEMMFILL, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

lzM P'LROV'EMENT =|N STOV ES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 195,812, dated October2, 1877; application filed May I1, 1877.

of which the following is a specification; and

I do hereby declare that in the same is contained a full, clear, andexact description of my said invention, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of 1 reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to certain improvements in a stove having itsshell or cylinder of composite construction, it being formed of an innermetallic casing surrounded by an outer casing of terra-cotta or otherheat-retaining substance, and in which the fire is contained in aremovable fire-pot having a perforate bottom resting upon a hollow baseadapted as an ashreceptacle, and as a means of communication between theouter air and the interior of the removable fire-pot aforesaid.

The said invention consists, first, in adapting terra-cotta or otherheat-retainin g substance as the outer covering for the sheetmetalcasing, or that part of the stove-cylinder first acted upon by the heatradiated from the fire confined in the removable fire-pot, and in anovel method of constructing the said sheet-metal casing, when the sameis formed in sections, whereby the terracotta or other heatretainingsubstance is secured thereto.

The invention consists, secondly, .in a certain construction of aheat-retaining cover for the stove, and in the manner of attaching thesame to the metallic casing, as will hereinafter fully appear.

In the description of a stove embodying my improvements which follows,reference is made to the accompanying drawing, forming a part hereof,and in which Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, an exterior elevation ofmy improved stove and a plan of the same. Figs. 3 and 4 represent,respectively, a vertical section and a sectional plan of the stove. Fig.5 is a sectional plan of a stove embodying my improvements, modified inconstruction.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts of the invention inall the views.

A A are sheet-metal strips flanged in such.

manner as to admit of their being riveted together to form the innercasing of the stove.

This inner casing rests upon the hollow base B, and is fastened theretoby means of a flange, a, projecting upwardly from the said base.

The outer casing or covering of the stove, which is preferably polygonalin form, is constructed of terra-cotta or other heat-retaining material,in blocks B, which are either inserted in the pockets formed by theflanged plates A or secured to the sheet-metal casing, as hereinafterdescribed. The blocks B are secured within the pockets by turning orflanging the edges of the sheet metal between the blocks, either beforeor after the insertion of the same to their places. The latter methodrequires the blocks to be inserted in the pockets from either of theirends instead of from the fronts of the same, and possibly has someadvantages over the former method, as the terracotta is liable to beinjured in the manipulation of the metal while the same is in contacttherewith.

In Fig. 5 the terracotta casin g is represented as requiring no specialfastening, it being constructed of cylindrical blocks placed over acylindrical metallic casing. This construction of the stove, however, isopen to several objections, chief among which is the liability of theterra-cotta rings to become distorted in shape or crack while coolingafter the baking operation to which they are subjected. The said ringsare also liable to be broken by the variation in temperature to whichthey are subjected when in their places.

The upper end of the sheet-metal casing is provided with a ring, 0,having a flange which projects into the casing, and to which the same issecured. D is the cover of the stove, also of composite construction, itbeing formed of a metal plate, to which a block of terra-cotta issecured. The cover D is hinged to the ring 0, and is provided with aprojecting lip, c, on the under side of the metallic plate of the same,which enters a groove, (1, in the ring (D. The joint formed in thismanner is rendered air-tight by the introduction to the groove d, ofasbestus, sand, or other yielding material not injuriously affected byheat, into which the projecting lip 0 embeds itself when the cover isclosed. F is a removable fire pot or bucket, constructed of bars 6projecting from a perforated bottom, f, and fitted with a bail 01'handle, g. The fire-pot rests upon the top plate of the hollow base,which, to allow of the passage of air to the interior of the firepot, isprovided with a circular opening, 11, communicating with an aperture orseries of apertures adjustable in size in the front of the ash-drawerlocated in the hollow base.

In some cases it is found desirable to line the fire-pot, or a portionthereof, with terracotta or some other refractol' y material to preserveit against deterioration from excessive heat.

A smoke-pipe connects the interior of the stove with a chimney or flue,and, if desired, the said pipe may have a damper therein.

Supposing the several parts of the stove to be in the positionsrepresented in the drawing, in order to light the fire the cover isfirst moved back 011 its hinges. The fuel is then placed in the fire-boxand lighted, preferably at the top, to insure slow combustion, the firehaving to burn downward, after which the cover is closed. The fire thuslighted will continue to burn for many hours without any attention otherthan the occasional regulation of the damper in the hollow base, givingout a pleasant and uniform heat.

One of the distinguishing characteristics of my invention is theimmediate union of the terra-cotta with the metal backing or casing,

thus dispensing with the air holes or spaces seen in other inventions ofthis class, which airspaces prevent the heat from being transmittedimmediately from the inner casing to the terra-cotta.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and wish tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. A stove-body consisting of a continuous or nearly continuous wall ofterra-cotta or other heat-retaining substance, provided at its innersurface with a metal backing or casing conforming to the shape of, andfitting to, the said exterior wall, substantially as specified.

2. In combination with a stove-cylinder of composite construction, asdescribed, a composite cover for the same, or one constructed of ametallic plate having an outer covering of terra-cotta or otherheat-retaining material, the said composite cover being hinged directlyto the said cylinder or to a ring forming the upper edge of the same,substantially as and for the piupose herein described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 28th day ofApril, in the year of our Lord 1877.

THOMAS GEMMELL.

Witnesses WM. S. HOWARD, Tnos. Munnoon.

